SYNTHESIS

INTRODUCTION TO SYNTHESIS

Actually, synthesis is one of the steps of BIG6 process and there are lots of definitions of synthesis. However, I realized that 2 main points in synthesizing is that organizing and presenting information. It is really helpful to help students to see how readers monitor overall meaning, important concepts, and themes as they read, understanding that their thinking evolves in the process.

TOOLS FOR PRESENTING INFORMATION
Probably, to get easy in presenting information; firstly we need to organizing into simple summary because it is a strategy that allows us to categorize and classify the information gathered as readers, sorting out significant ideas, events, and other pieces of information.

Moreover, when reading a long piece, we needs to pause and regroup every so often, making notes as necessary.

Summarizing and synthesizing:

•   Summarizing is identifying key points and organizing thoughts, a listing of the parts. Summarizing usually occurs at the end.

•    Synthesizing is the creation of a whole.  It goes on throughout the process of reading—not just at the end.  It is bringing together different ideas and facts and weaving them together into a tapestry, something much larger than all the threads.

Actually, we use synthesis to better understand what we have read, to share, recommend, and critically review things we have read including ideas and themes relevant to the overall meaning from the text.

TOOLS CAN HELP PUT PIECES TOGETHER

•    Written response to literature

    - Charting thinking records

    - Post-it notes

    - Double entry journals

    - Letters to other readers and writers

    - Quick write

    - Timelines

•    Oral responses

    - Four way share

    - Think-pair-share

    - Book clubs

    - Strategy study groups                     

citation & documentating information sources.

CITATION & DOCUMENTATING INFORMATION SOURCES

Why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries?

Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. You might use them to:

      Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing.

Refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing.

Give examples of several points of view on a subject.

Call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with.

Highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original.

Distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own.

Expand the breadth or depth of your writing.

 

The other types are signal phrases and in-text citation.

 For signal phrases, we introduce someone else's works. In-text citation are the parathetical pieces of information that appear ussually at the end of quote, paraphrase or summary.

 

Introduction to citation

For me, this is actually a very important topic, that is because i am going to apply and use it a lot in my report in study and also my future. Before that, when doing a report, i ussualy did the reference lists by using microsoft word software. Therefore, i was not clear about ciation. However, in this course i have a chance to study this useful lecture so that i can have knowlegde and understand clearly about this.
Firstly, i have knwon the defination of bibliography or we call reference.This is a list of book or other materials which have some relationship to each other. It contains author, year of publication, title, place of publication and publisher.

APA STYLE

APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6^th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page.

There are 3 rules for which are about author, title and documentation.

 

For the author: we start with family name, follow by coma and initials of other part of name. For 2 to 6 authors, we use (&) before the last name. More than 6 authors, we use "et al" after the 6th author. For muslim names, malaysia and chineses names, we cite as they are known.
For the title, we capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title. We underline or italic the title of book, journal, megazine or newpaper.
For document, arranged in alphabetical oder, do not put the number/bullet in reference. And we use a hanging indent and single space.